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From the Editor: Welcome to this Special Issue
Important information before you begin
KEVIN A. MILLER
A.D. 70 Titus Destroys Jerusalem
When the Roman general sacked the temple, the Jews were forced into a new era—and so were the Christians.
313 The Edict of Milan
The agreement shifted Christianity from being an illicit, persecuted sect to being a welcome—and soon dominant—religion of the Roman Empire.
David F. Wright is dean of the faculty of divinity at the University of Edinburgh and a member of the advisory board of Christian History.
325 The First Council of Nicea
At stake in the church's first general council was the simplest, yet most profound, question: Who is Jesus Christ?
Dr. Bruce L. Shelley is professor of church history at Denver Seminary and a member of the advisory board of Christian History
367 Athanasius Defines the New Testament
His letter is the earliest authoritative statement to fix the New Testament as we know it today.
Dr. Carsten Peter Thiede is president of Reinhold-Schneider-Gesellschaft e. V. in West Germany and a member of the advisory board of Christian History.
386 Augustine Converts to Christianity
A brilliant, profligate professor of rhetoric became the church's leading theologian for centuries to come.
405 Jerome Completes the Vulgate
This Latin translation stood as the preeminent Bible text for centuries—and set the standard for future translators.
461 The Council of Chalcedon
If Jesus was truly God, how could he be truly human as well? Leo the Great helped guide a critical council to a clear answer.
Tony Lane is lecturer in historical theology at London Bible College and a member of the advisory board of Christian History
540 Benedict Writes His Monastic Rule
His flexible, compassionate guidelines for Christian community forever shaped monastic life—and influenced Western society.
Dr. Bennett D. Hill is professor of history at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C.
988 Vladimir Adopts Christianity
The pagan prince of Kievan Rus' embraced a new faith, leading to the Christianization of the Ukrainian, Russian, and Byelorussian peoples.
1054 The East-West Schism
Long-standing differences between Western and Eastern Christians finally caused a definitive break, and Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox still remain separate.
Dr. George T. Dennis is professor of history at Catholic University of America in Washington. D.C., and author of several books on the Byzantine Empire.
1095 Pope Urban II Launches the First Crusade
Waves of pilgrims and soldiers embarked for the Holy Land, beginning an era of exploration, conquest, defeat, and folly.
1272 Thomas Aquinas Concludes His Word on Summa Theologiae
The massive treatise set forth a theological system so influential it has been declared eternally valid.
1378 The Great Papal Schism
When two popes, and later three popes, vied for supremacy, the medieval church entered a dramatic, forty-year crisis of authority.
Dr. Francis Oakley is president of Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts.
1456 Gutenberg Produces the First Printed Bible
Using his revolutionary invention—printing from movable type—he made the Scriptures potentially accessible to every person.
The History of the Church: Recommended Resources
—The Editors
Important Events in Church History: Christian History Timeline
Important Events in Church History
A selective chronological listing
1517 Luther Posts the 95 Theses
An obscure monk invited debate on a pressing church issue—and touched off a history-shattering reform movement.
Dr. Eric W. Gritsch
1521 The Diet of Worms
Was the wayward Luther free to dissent? A German council rendered a judgment.
ERIC W. GRITSCH Dr. Eric W. Gritsch is Maryland Synod Professor of Church History and director of the Institute for Luther Studies at Gettysburg Lutheran Seminary, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
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