John Knox and the Scottish Reformation: Christian History Timeline - Journeying with John Knox
Roger Mason is professor of history at St. Andrews University in Scotland. He is editor of John Knox on Rebellion (Cambridge, 1994).
April 1, 1995
EARLY YEARS IN SCOTLAND 1514 Probable date of birth in Haddington 1536 Graduates from University of St. Andrews and is ordained a priest 1540 Becomes a notary (minor legal official) and a tutor 1543 Converted to Protestantism 1545 Becomes associate and bodyguard to George Wishart 1546 Wishart martyred; Cardinal Beaton murdered; Protestants at St. Andrews Castle put under siege 1547 Knox flees to the Castle; preaches his first Protestant sermon; Castle falls; imprisoned as galley slave in France for 19 months INTERLUDE IN ENGLAND 1549 Begins pastoring in Berwick, England; establishes his preaching reputation 1550 Meets Mrs. Elizabeth Bowes and her daughter Marjory 1552 Moves to London; disputes practice of kneeling at Communion; refuses to become bishop of Rochester 1553 Forced into hiding when Catholic Mary Tudor becomes queen EXILE IN EUROPE 1554 Flees to France, then Zurich and Calvin’s Geneva; pastors an English congregation in Frankfurt 1555 Dispute over the liturgy forces him to Geneva; pastors an English congregation there; returns to Scotland secretly; weds Marjory Bowes and does missionary work 1556 Condemned for heresy in Scotland; returns to Geneva with wife and mother-in-law 1558 Writes The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women, advocating rebellion against ungodly rulers LATER YEARS IN SCOTLAND 1559 Returns to Scotland; preaches sermon condemning “idolatry”; it leads to a rebellion 1560 Reformation Parliament adopts Protestant “Scots Confession”; Knox’s wife, Marjory, dies 1561 Knox helps write First Book of Discipline; Catholic Mary Queen of Scots returns; Knox ministers at St. Giles’s in Edinburgh; first interview with Mary 1564 Marries Margaret Stewart 1566 Writes much of History of the Reformation of Religion in Scotland 1572 Dies in Edinburgh; buried at St. Giles’s Cathedral OTHER REFORMATION EVENTS 1516 Erasmus publishes Greek New Testament 1517 Luther posts 95 Theses 1518 Zwingli comes to Zurich and begins Swiss Reformation 1525 Anabaptist movement begins; Tyndale publishes English New Testament 1529–36 England’s Henry VIII gradually breaks with Rome 1530 Augsburg confession solidifies Lutheran movement 1534 Ignatius Loyola founds Jesuit Order to renew Roman Catholic Church 1536 Calvin publishes first edition of Institutes of the Christian Religion; Menno Simons baptized as an Anabaptist 1549 Cranmer’s first Book of Common Prayer 1558 Elizabeth I becomes English queen and solidifies Protestantism 1562-64 Council of Trent, to clarify Catholic beliefs, concludes 1563 Foxe writes Book of Martyrs 1572 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre in France; Copyright © 1995 by the author or Christianity Today International/Christian History magazine.
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