December 4 2000

ARTICLE TOOLS

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Devoted Swiss Calvinist; founded the International Committee of the Red Cross; shared the award with Frederic Passy, French founder and president of the first French peace society.

Pacifist Italian and a practicing but anticlerical Catholic; president of the Lombard League of Peace.

U.S. President and a Presbyterian; founder of the League of Nations.

Primate of the Church of Sweden and Archbishop of Uppsala; leader of the ecumenical movement.

Methodist lay preacher from Britain; chairman of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference of 1932–34.

High-church Church of England writer; founder of the International Peace Campaign.

American; chairman of the first International Missionary Council and president of the World Alliance of Young Men's Christian Associations; promoted Christ-based student movements and associations for peace; shared the award with Emily Greene Balch, honorary international president of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.

These Quaker organizations shared the award for the spirit in which they carried out postwar relief efforts and for previous peace promotion.

Alsace-born missionary surgeon; founded the Lambaréné Hospital in the Republic of Gabon.

Belgian Father of the Dominican Order; leader of a relief organization for refugees.

British Member of Parliament and Quaker; devoted his life to international peace and cooperation.